Step 1: Update Software Repositories
$ sudo apt-get updateStep 2: Install Nginx From Ubuntu Repositories
Nginx is included in the Ubuntu 20.04 default repositories. Install it by entering the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginxStep 3: Verify the Installation
Verify that Nginx installed correctly by checking the software version. Enter the following:
$ nginx -vStep 4: Controlling the Nginx Service
Start by checking the status of the Nginx service:
$ sudo systemctl status nginx
$ sudo systemctl start nginx
$ sudo systemctl enable nginx
$ sudo systemctl stop nginx
$ sudo systemctl disable nginx
$ sudo systemctl reload nginx
$ sudo systemctl restart nginxStep 5: Allow Nginx Traffic
# Start by displaying the available Nginx profiles:
$ sudo ufw app list
# To grant Nginx access through the default Ubuntu firewall, enter the following:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx http'
# Refresh the firewall settings by entering
$ sudo ufw reload
# For encrypted (https) traffic, enter:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx https'
# To allow both, enter:
$ sudo ufw allow 'nginx full'
Step 6: Test Nginx
Make sure that the Nginx service is running, as in Step 4. Open a web browser, and navigate to the following web address:
http://127.0.0.1
$ sudo apt-get install curl
$ curl –i 127.0.0.1Step 7: Configure a Server Block (Optional)
In Nginx, a server block is a configuration that works as its own server. By default, Nginx has one server block preconfigured.
It is located at /var/www/html.
vi /var/www/html/index.html
In the text editor, enter the following HTML code:
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to test_domain.com!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This message confirms that your Nginx server block is working. Great work!</h1>
</body>
</html>Important Nginx File Locations
By default, Nginx stores different configuration and log files in the following locations:
- /var/www/html – Website content as seen by visitors.
- /etc/nginx – Location of the main Nginx application files.
- /etc/nginx/nginx.conf – The main Nginx configuration file.
- /etc/nginx/sites-available – List of all websites configured through Nginx.
- /etc/nginx/sites-enabled – List of websites actively being served by Nginx.
- /var/log/nginx/access.log – Access logs tracking every request to your server.
- /var/log/ngins/error.log – A log of any errors generated in Nginx.
Reference
- https://phoenixnap.com/kb/how-to-install-nginx-on-ubuntu-20-04
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