Python Tutorials: Files Operations using OS Module

Table of Contents

File Operations using Python

About Python OS Module

The os module has many uses. We won’t be covering everything that it can do. Instead, we will get an overview of its uses and we’ll also take a look at one of its sub-modules, known as os.path. Specifically, we will be covering the following:

os.name
os.environ
os.chdir()
os.getcwd()
os.getenv()
os.putenv()
os.mkdir()
os.makedirs()
os.remove()
os.rename()
os.rmdir()
os.startfile()
os.walk()
os.path

	# Python program to explain os.getcwd() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# Get the current working
	# directory (CWD)
	cwd = os.getcwd()

	# Print the current working
	# directory (CWD)
	print("Current working directory:", cwd)

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	import os


	fd = "GFG.txt"
	file = open(fd, 'r')
	text = file.read()
	print(text)
	os.close(file)

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	import os


	fd = "GFG.txt"
	os.rename(fd,'New.txt')
	os.rename(fd,'New.txt')

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	import os #importing os module.

	os.remove("file_name.txt") #removing the file.

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	import os
	#importing os module

	result = os.path.exists("file_name") #giving the name of the file as a parameter.

	print(result)

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	import os #importing os module

	size = os.path.getsize("filename")

	print("Size of the file is", size," bytes.")

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	# Python program to change the
	# current working directory


	import os

	# Function to Get the current
	# working directory
	def current_path():
	print("Current working directory before")
	print(os.getcwd())
	print()


	# Driver's code
	# Printing CWD before
	current_path()

	# Changing the CWD
	os.chdir('../')

	# Printing CWD after
	current_path()

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	# Python program to explain os.mkdir() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# Directory
	directory = "GeeksforGeeks"

	# Parent Directory path
	parent_dir = "D:/Pycharm projects/"

	# Path
	path = os.path.join(parent_dir, directory)

	# Create the directory
	# 'GeeksForGeeks' in
	# '/home / User / Documents'
	os.mkdir(path)
	print("Directory '% s' created" % directory)

	# Directory
	directory = "Geeks"

	# Parent Directory path
	parent_dir = "D:/Pycharm projects"

	# mode
	mode = 0o666

	# Path
	path = os.path.join(parent_dir, directory)

	# Create the directory
	# 'GeeksForGeeks' in
	# '/home / User / Documents'
	# with mode 0o666
	os.mkdir(path, mode)
	print("Directory '% s' created" % directory)

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	# Python program to explain os.makedirs() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# Leaf directory
	directory = "Nikhil"

	# Parent Directories
	parent_dir = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksForGeeks/Authors"

	# Path
	path = os.path.join(parent_dir, directory)

	# Create the directory
	# 'Nikhil'
	os.makedirs(path)
	print("Directory '% s' created" % directory)

	# Directory 'GeeksForGeeks' and 'Authors' will
	# be created too
	# if it does not exists



	# Leaf directory
	directory = "c"

	# Parent Directories
	parent_dir = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/a/b"

	# mode
	mode = 0o666

	path = os.path.join(parent_dir, directory)

	# Create the directory 'c'

	os.makedirs(path, mode)
	print("Directory '% s' created" % directory)


	# 'GeeksForGeeks', 'a', and 'b'
	# will also be created if
	# it does not exists

	# If any of the intermediate level
	# directory is missing
	# os.makedirs() method will
	# create them

	# os.makedirs() method can be
	# used to create a directory tree

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	# Python program to explain os.listdir() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# Get the list of all files and directories
	# in the root directory
	path = "/"
	dir_list = os.listdir(path)

	print("Files and directories in '", path, "' :")

	# print the list
	print(dir_list)

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	# Python program to explain os.remove() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# File name
	file = 'file1.txt'

	# File location
	location = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/Authors/Nikhil/"

	# Path
	path = os.path.join(location, file)

	# Remove the file
	# 'file.txt'
	os.remove(path)

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	# Python program to explain os.rmdir() method

	# importing os module
	import os

	# Directory name
	directory = "Geeks"

	# Parent Directory
	parent = "D:/Pycharm projects/"

	# Path
	path = os.path.join(parent, directory)

	# Remove the Directory
	# "Geeks"
	os.rmdir(path)

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	import os


	try:
	# If the file does not exist,
	# then it would throw an IOError
	filename = 'GFG.txt'
	f = open(filename, 'rU')
	text = f.read()
	f.close()

	# Control jumps directly to here if
	# any of the above lines throws IOError.
	except IOError:

	# print(os.error) will <class 'OSError'>
	print('Problem reading: ' + filename)

	# In any case, the code then continues with
	# the line after the try/except

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	import os
	fd = "GFG.txt"

	# popen() is similar to open()
	file = open(fd, 'w')
	file.write("Hello")
	file.close()
	file = open(fd, 'r')
	text = file.read()
	print(text)

	# popen() provides a pipe/gateway and accesses the file directly
	file = os.popen(fd, 'w')
	file.write("Hello")
	# File not closed, shown in next function.

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Rajesh Kumar

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Python Tutorials: Files Operations using OS Module

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